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Driver knowledge & road-sign tests

State DMV written knowledge tests, including road-sign identification.

14 published exams, administered by 14 separate bodies. Official exam lengths run from 20 to 50 questions. 828 free practice questions are live across the family. State-specific versions: CA, FL, GA, IL, IN, MI, MO, NC, NY, OH, SC, TX, VA and WI.

14
Exams
828
Free practice questions
14
Study guides
14
Cheat sheets

14 exams

Every exam in this family

Most searched first.

How the knowledge test works, state by state

Every page in this family is one state's driver knowledge test and its road signs. The test is written by that state's licensing agency from that state's handbook, so the wording of a rule, the list of signs and the passing standard are all the state's own. What this page adds is the mechanics that candidates ask about most and that the state pages answer individually: how the test is delivered, what counts toward a pass, and what happens when you fail.

Delivery is the biggest difference between states. Most give the test on a computer at a licensing office, some by appointment only, and the vision screening comes first. A handful let you take the knowledge test online at home through an approved platform, with rules about the device and the room. A few still administer through driver-education providers for first-time applicants.

Scoring is a fixed number of correct answers out of a fixed number of questions, and several states score the road-sign section separately — you must identify enough signs as well as clear the overall mark. Retake rules run from the next day to a longer wait, and some states charge per attempt.

What to check on your state's page

The numbers live on the state page; this table tells you which ones matter and where they come from.

How many questions, and how many can I miss?
Missouri Road Signsarizona/road/signsmassachusetts/road/signs

Each state publishes its question count and the passing standard as a percentage or a number correct, sometimes with a time limit. Missouri, Arizona and Massachusetts all publish exact figures; the state page shows them from the agency's own test description.

Is the sign test separate?
North Carolina Road SignsMichigan Road Signs

In some states the road-sign section is scored on its own and must be passed on its own; in others signs are questions inside one test. North Carolina scores sign identification separately; Michigan's online exam has a multiple-choice part and a road-sign part.

Can I take it online?
hawaii/road/signsalaska/road/signscolorado/road/signskansas/road/signs

Yes in these states, through an approved platform with device rules. Most other states require an in-person test at an office or, for first-time applicants in a few states, through a licensed driver-education provider.

What is actually on it?
colorado/road/signskentucky/road/signsdelaware/road/signs

The handbook: rules of the road, signs, signals and markings, impaired driving, safety rules and the legal items specific to that state. The chapter on signs, signals and pavement markings is the section every state tests directly.

When can I retake it?
hawaii/road/signsmaryland/road/signsmaine/road/signs

Set by the agency: the next day, the next business day if an appointment is open, or after a waiting period. Rescheduling rules and any no-show fee are separate from the retest rule.

Which languages is it offered in?
idaho/road/signsCalifornia Road Signs

Many states offer the knowledge test in several languages and some offer an oral or audio version; the state page lists what its agency provides.

On the day

  1. 01Bring the identity documents the agency lists; the vision screening and test will not start without them.
  2. 02Take the vision screening, then the knowledge test at the terminal or online platform. Read every sign question for shape and colour before the words.
  3. 03If you pass, the permit is issued at the visit or online; if you fail, the state's retest rule sets when you can return, and the sign chapter is the section to re-study first.

Who writes these exams

State licensing agencies
Fifty agencies write fifty tests. Each state page names its agency, cites the agency's handbook or test page, and shows the figures from it.

Official pages this section is drawn from

Grounding

Official sources

Every exam number on this page traces to a document published by the body that sets or administers the exam. These are the primary publishers cited across Driver knowledge & road-sign tests.

Last verified against these documents: