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EXAM GUIDE · CPA EXAM

Uniform CPA Examination (CPA Exam) Exam Guide

Administered by AICPA (content and scoring) with NASBA and state Boards of AccountancyVerified against the official content outline
By Vincent Ruan, EA, CFP®Published August 7, 2026

At a glance

Passing score
Minimum 75 on each section (0-99 scale)

The Uniform CPA Examination is the licensure exam of American accounting: a four-section, 16-hour assessment required of everyone seeking the U.S. CPA license. Under the CPA Evolution structure, every candidate passes three four-hour Core sections — Auditing and Attestation (AUD), Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR), and Taxation and Regulation (REG) — plus one four-hour Discipline of their choice: Business Analysis and Reporting (BAR), Information Systems and Control (ISC), or Tax Compliance and Planning (TCP).

The exam is uniform nationwide; everything around it — education hours, experience, ethics, credit windows — is set by each jurisdiction's board of accountancy. The license granted is identical regardless of which Discipline the candidate selects.

Overview

The AICPA develops and scores the exam. NASBA, contrary to a misconception it corrects on its own site, does neither — its CPA Examination Services arm handles application processing, credential evaluations, and score reporting for state boards, and candidates must be declared eligible before applying for any section.

Each section mixes multiple-choice questions with task-based simulations, weighted 50/50 in the score — except ISC, weighted 60% MCQ and 40% TBS. Sections are scheduled separately, in any order the candidate chooses; the common strategy pairs each Discipline immediately after its related Core (FAR→BAR, AUD→ISC, REG→TCP) so the content compounds. Testing is offered internationally in 15 countries outside the U.S.

Cost and registration

Exam fees are set per jurisdiction and paid through the application process NASBA administers for most boards, so exact totals depend on where you apply — budget for an application fee plus a per-section examination fee across four sections, and re-application fees if a Notice to Schedule lapses unused. Review courses are the larger line item for most candidates, ranging from self-study bundles to full guided programs.

The costliest mistake is not a fee but a lapse: passed-section credit runs on your jurisdiction's conditional-credit clock, and boards have adjusted those windows in recent years. Confirm your board's current policy — sitting sections faster than your study quality allows, or slower than your credit window forgives, both burn money.

Exam format

Each of the four sections is a separate four-hour, computer-delivered appointment combining multiple-choice testlets with task-based simulations — 16 hours of testing in total. Scores are reported on a 0-99 scale with 75 required to pass each section; the AICPA is explicit that the number is neither a percentage of questions answered correctly nor a curve against other candidates, but a weighted combination of scaled scores that accounts for question difficulty.

Pass rates for each section are published quarterly and are the standard difficulty signal for sequencing decisions. The general planning rule: put your hardest section where your study time is most abundant, treat simulation practice as half the game — because it is half the score — and let your own diagnostics outrank aggregate pass-rate statistics.

Frequently asked questions

How many sections does the CPA Exam have?

Four, totaling 16 hours: three four-hour Core sections everyone takes — Auditing and Attestation (AUD), Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR), and Taxation and Regulation (REG) — plus one four-hour Discipline section you choose from Business Analysis and Reporting (BAR), Information Systems and Control (ISC), or Tax Compliance and Planning (TCP).

What score do I need to pass?

A minimum of 75 on each section, reported on a scale of 0 to 99. The AICPA stresses that this is not a percentage of questions answered correctly and scores are not curved — it is a weighted combination of scaled scores across multiple-choice questions and task-based simulations that accounts for question difficulty.

Does my Discipline choice change my CPA license?

No. Whether you pass BAR, ISC, or TCP, the resulting CPA license is identical. The Discipline is a strategy and career-alignment decision — BAR extends FAR's reporting content, ISC covers systems and IT controls near AUD's territory, and TCP deepens REG's taxation — not a specialization printed on the certificate.

Who runs the CPA Exam — AICPA, NASBA, or my state board?

All three, in different lanes. The AICPA develops and scores the exam. NASBA does neither — a misconception it corrects on its own site — but its CPA Examination Services processes applications, evaluates credentials, and reports scores for state boards. Your board of accountancy owns eligibility, education and experience requirements, and the license itself.

Are CPA Exam requirements the same in every state?

The exam is uniform for all candidates, but the surrounding requirements are not: education hours, experience, ethics exams, and conditional-credit windows all vary by jurisdiction. The AICPA's standing advice is to check with your specific Board of Accountancy — do that before building any study timeline. International candidates follow the same process, with testing offered in 15 countries outside the U.S.

Sources

  1. 1.CPA Exam — AICPA & CIMAAICPA (accessed Aug 7, 2026)
  2. 2.CPA Exam scoring and pass rates — AICPA & CIMAAICPA (accessed Aug 7, 2026)
  3. 3.CPA Exam — NASBANational Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) (accessed Aug 7, 2026)

Official sources

Every exam fact on this page traces to a primary document published by the body that administers the exam.

Last verified against the official exam content outline: